It is commonly used for medical work
with frequency of 27.12 MHz. and radio waves of 11m. The
current is generated in the machine circuit which is coupled
with patient (resonator) circuit and is used to treat
patient.
Therapeutic Uses:-
Reduces inflammation.
Traumatic conditions.
Reduce healing time.
Relief of pain.
Relief of muscle spasm.
Arthritis.
Sprains/Strains.
Pelvic inflammatory disease.
Dosages:-
15-20 min a day in chronic cases.
In acute cases 10-15 min twice daily.
Contraindication:-
Hemorrhage.
Venous thrombosis.
Arterial disease.
Pregnancy.
Tumour
Altered skin sensation
If patient has received Radio therapy
recently.
Ultrasound/Ultrasonic Therapy:-
Ultrasonic Therapy
utilizes sound waves for the therapeutic purpose. (sound waves
above the audible range i.e.. 20khz)
Therapeutic
Effect:-
Local rise in temperature causes-
Acceleration of healing
Stretching of scars or adhesions
Reduces pain
Mechanical and Micro massage Cause-
Reduction in oedema.
Biological Effect Cause-
Reduction in inflammation
Increase fibroblast and myofibrablast activity
towards the area of repair.
Increases tensile strength of scar.
Dosage:-
In acute condition- Initially 0.25-0.5 wcm-2 for
2-3 min later increase to 0.8 wcm-2 for 4-5 min.
In chronic condition- (Treated in either pulsed or continuous mode)
Initially 0.8 wcm-2 for 4min later increase to 2 wcm-2
for 8 min.
TENS is an application of a pulsed rectangular wave
current via surface electrode
on the patients skin.
The output is modified in such a way that it have a
stimulatory effect.
Uses/Indication:-
1- Reducing and removing pain. both in acute as well as
chronic cases.
2- At the time when plaster cast is there so as it improve
blood circulation and reduce pain.
3- It is also used at the time of Labour pains.
4- To reduce pain at the site of scar tissue.
Interferential Therapy:-
Interferential therapy is a form of electrical treatment in
which two medium frequency current are used
to produce a low frequency effect.
Physiological
effects of Interference currents
1-Relief of pain.
2-Motor stimulation.
3- Decrease local swelling.
4-Restore normal movements.
5-Release Endorphins from body.
6- Accelerates the healing process.
Dosage
usually for 10-15 min.
Indications:-
1-In area of sport medicine like ankle sprain,
calf us turn
etc.
2- Sciatica.
3-Spondylitis.
4-Ostroarthritis.
5- Lumbago.
6-Swdeck's Atrophy
7-Temporo-mandibulas joint pain.
8-Tennis elbow.
9-Urinary incontinence
Contra Indications :-(Not to be given in.)
1-Acute sepsis.
2- Tumours.
3-Pregnancy.
4-Cardia conditions
5-Thrombosis
6-Dermatological conditions.
7-Hypo/Hypertension
8- Large open wound.
Stimulator: {nerve and muscle stimulator}
Low frequency current are capable of stimulating nerve as well
as muscles. Depending upon the condition of muscle whether
innervated or denervated, the selection of
current is done. The duration of current range from
0.01, 0.03, 0.1,0 .3, 1, 3, 10, 30,100, 300 ms.
Types of current :- Faradic current- Impulses with duration of less than 10 ms.
used for stimulating innervated muscles. Interrupted (Motified) direct current:- Impulse with duration
more than
10ms to 300ms. used for stimulating denervated muscles.
Indication for faradic type current:-
1- Faeililation of muscle contraction.
2-Re-education of muscle action.
3-Training of new muscle action.
4-Neuropreia of moter nerve.
5-Served moter nerve.
6-Improved venous and lymphatic drainage. 7-Prevention and
loosening of
adhesions and reduction of
limb Oedema.
Indication for use of interrupted direct
current:-
1-Stimulation of dennervated muscles.
2-Electrical stimulation may slow down the changes in the
muscle like
contractibility, extensibility, and elasticity.
3-In early stages of denervation for the purpose of
re-education of muscles, If patients does not notice it.
*
Micro Wave Diathermy:-
In micro wave diathermy the radiation with a wavelength
between infra-red and short-wave diathermic radiation. Radiation with a wave length of 12.25 cm and frequency of 2000
MHz is frequently used. The principal function
of the application of microwave to the tissue is to produce a
local rise in temperature at the point where they are
absorbed.
Indications:-
1-Traumatic and inflammatory lesion.
2-Pain relief.
3-Muscle spasm
4-Bactrial infections.
5-Rheumatic condition involving small joints.
Contraindications:-
1-Recently exposed to X-ray
2-T.B 3-Malignent growth 4-Hypersensitive skin
Paraffin wax Bath:-
In this,
medicated wax is used for practical purpose ratio is
1:3 i.e. 1 part Mineral oil and 3 part wax. Other constituents are petroleum jelly,
coal tar, Optimum temperature
require to melt and heat up the wax is 40-45 oC. It is applied
in molten state the polybag or wax glove is wrapped around it. 7-8 layer has to be made.
Treatment time:- 20 min till wax cool.
Indications:-
1- In post traumatic stiffness.
2-Arthritic conditions.
3-Reduces pain.
4- Muscle spasm.
5-Soften adhesions and scar on skin.
Hydrocolator or moist hot packs is onother thermo-therapy device
used often in clinics. The minimum
temperature require to heat-up the hot pack is around 55-65
oC.
Even when the switch is off the temperature
inside the machine and hot packs remains the same due to
thermostat. It only provide superficial heating.
Treatment Time:- 20 minute.
Indications:-
1- Muscular spasm-neck, back, knee, ankle, shoulder.
2-Inflammation (if trauma is more than 6 hrs we use moist hot
packs).
3- for pain relief.
There are two types of traction generally used: 1-Cervical Traction:- used for giving traction in cervical
region, with the help of cervical band. the weight should be
applied about 1/10 of
body weight generally (±) 1 to 2 kg is indicated.
Can be given in sitting or lying down position.
2-Lumber Traction:- Used for giving traction in lumber region
with the help of lumber strap and
chest strap. The weight should be applied about 1/3rd of the
body weight (±) 5kg according to comfort
or need of patient is indicated given in supine lying
position.
Treatment Time:- 15-20 min.
Indications:-
1- PIVD (Prolepses Interverteoral Disc)
2- Spinal canal stenosis.
3- Pain in nap radiating towards left or right upper limb.
4- Pain in back radiating towards left and right lower
limb.
Contraindications:-
1-Old age.
2-Severe osteoporosis.
3-If there is an injury to nerve.
4- Koch spine.
5-Bacterial Infection.
6-Open wound in the spine.
*
Infra red Radiation:-
There are two types of infra red radiations 1- Non-Luminous
2-Luminous generators, Emitting infra red radiation. Non
Luminous generator provide infra red rays only,
while luminous generator emit visible and a few ultra violet
rays as well as infra red radiation.
Treatment Time:- 10-15 min Distance of patient from lamp should be 50 cm.
Indications:-
1-Relief of pain.
2-For muscle relaxation.
3-Increased blood supply.
4-Accute inflammation and recent injury.
5-Faintness.
6-Injury to eyes.
Contra Indications:-
1-Areas of defective arterial blood supply.
2-Defective skin sensation.
3-If X-Radiation has been used recently.
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